Much of human physiology involves either
1) extracellular signaling molecules that function as hormones, neurotransmitters, growth factors etc. or
2) intracellular signal transduction mechanisms.
This page has a list of signals and signaling pathways that are discussed in blog posts:
Image credits. Two-component signal transduction system by Dr Alan Cann (Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Generic)